大腦想要告訴你的 10 件事:
1. 堅持适量運動,運動會讓身體和大腦一起變強壯;
2. 多曬太陽,大腦也有「光合作用」,不僅讓人心情愉悅,也能促進學習記憶能力;
3. 大腦是個典型的「用進廢退」器官,多學習多動腦,腦子越用越靈光;
4. 熬夜會損害大腦的注意力、記憶力、決策力等各項功能,長期熬夜的危害很難彌補;
5. 吸煙會讓大腦萎縮,還會加速腦血管擁堵,增加中風風險,任何時候開始戒煙都會有獲益;
6. 長期酗酒也會讓大腦肉眼可見的萎縮,注意力、執行力和與人相處的能力也會明顯下降。爲了保住智商,酒還是少喝點吧;
7. 左右腦相關的測試、開發,聽聽就好,不必當真;
8. 除了體積,大腦在男性和女性中的差異其實并不大。後天的教育、社會文化等其他因素影響可能更能解釋男女間的思維差異;
9. 大腦的體積大小跟智商高低沒啥關系,不然統治地球的就應該是鲸魚了;
10. 人類的大腦并沒有 90% 的潛力尚待開發,相信科學,而非科幻電影。
本文合作專家
本文審核專家
參考文獻
[ 1 ] Hackney AC. Stress and the neuroendocrine system: the role of exercise as a stressor and modifier of stress. Expert Rev Endocrinol Metab. 2006;1 ( 6 ) :783-792. doi:10.1586/17446651.1.6.783
[ 2 ] Voss MW, Vivar C, Kramer AF, van Praag H. Bridging animal and human models of exercise-induced brain plasticity. Trends Cogn Sci. 2013;17 ( 10 ) :525-544. doi:10.1016/j.tics.2013.08.001
[ 3 ] Basso JC, Suzuki WA. The Effects of Acute Exercise on Mood, Cognition, Neurophysiology, and Neurochemical Pathways: A Review. Brain Plast. 2017;2 ( 2 ) :127-152. Published 2017 Mar 28. doi:10.3233/BPL-160040
[ 4 ] Zhang, K.X., D ’ Souza, S., Upton, B.A. et al. Violet-light suppression of thermogenesis by opsin 5 hypothalamic neurons. Nature 585, 420 – 425 ( 2020 ) .
[ 5 ] Lambert GW, Reid C, Kaye DM, Jennings GL, Esler MD. Effect of sunlight and season on serotonin turnover in the brain. Lancet. 2002 Dec 7;360 ( 9348 ) :1840-2. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736 ( 02 ) 11737-5. PMID: 12480364
[ 6 ] Chantranupong L, Sabatini BL. Sunlight Brightens Learning and Memory. Cell. 2018 Jun 14;173 ( 7 ) :1570-1572. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2018.05.044. PMID: 29906444.
[ 7 ] Mancini A, de Iure A, Picconi B. Basic mechanisms of plasticity and learning. Handb Clin Neurol. 2022;184:21-34. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-12-819410-2.00002-3. PMID: 35034736.
[ 8 ] Cameron HA, Glover LR. Adult neurogenesis: beyond learning and memory. Annu Rev Psychol. 2015 Jan 3;66:53-81. doi: 10.1146/annurev-psych-010814-015006. Epub 2014 Sep 19. PMID: 25251485; PMCID: PMC5612417.
[ 9 ] Pearce JMS; FRCP. The "split brain" and Roger Wolcott Sperry ( 1913-1994 ) . Rev Neurol ( Paris ) . 2019 Apr;175 ( 4 ) :217-220. doi: 10.1016/j.neurol.2018.07.007. Epub 2019 Jan 5. PMID: 30616878.
[ 10 ] Bartolomeo P, Seidel Malkinson T. Hemispheric lateralization of attention processes in the human brain. Curr Opin Psychol. 2019 Oct;29:90-96. doi: 10.1016/j.copsyc.2018.12.023. Epub 2019 Jan 4. PMID: 30711910.
[ 11 ] Duboc V, Dufourcq P, Blader P, Roussign é M. Asymmetry of the Brain: Development and Implications. Annu Rev Genet. 2015;49:647-72. doi: 10.1146/annurev-genet-112414-055322. Epub 2015 Oct 6. PMID: 26442849.
[ 12 ] Ba ş ar E. The theory of the whole-brain-work. Int J Psychophysiol. 2006 May;60 ( 2 ) :133-8. doi: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2005.12.007. Epub 2006 Mar 24. PMID: 16563537.
[ 13 ] Ruigrok AN, Salimi-Khorshidi G, Lai MC, Baron-Cohen S, Lombardo MV, Tait RJ, Suckling J. A meta-analysis of sex differences in human brain structure. Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2014 Feb;39 ( 100 ) :34-50. doi: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2013.12.004. Epub 2013 Dec 26. PMID: 24374381; PMCID: PMC3969295.
[ 14 ] Eliot L, Ahmed A, Khan H, Patel J. Dump the "dimorphism": Comprehensive synthesis of human brain studies reveals few male-female differences beyond size. Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2021 Jun;125:667-697. doi: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.02.026. Epub 2021 Feb 20. PMID: 33621637.
[ 15 ] Herculano-Houzel S. The human brain in numbers: a linearly scaled-up primate brain. Front Hum Neurosci. 2009 Nov 9;3:31. doi: 10.3389/neuro.09.031.2009. PMID: 19915731; PMCID: PMC2776484.
[ 16 ] Smith, K. Neuroscience: Idle minds. Nature 489, 356 – 358 ( 2012 ) . https://doi.org/10.1038/489356a
策劃制作
策劃:Deanna | 監制:Feidi
插畫:站酷海洛 | 封面圖來源:站酷海洛
最近微信改版了,有讀者說找不到我們的文章
大家記得把丁香醫生設爲星标哦~